Which type of muscle contraction is characterized by full range of motion against gravity with no movement?

The correct choice describes an isometric contraction, which occurs when a muscle exerts force without changing its length, thereby producing tension but no joint movement. This type of contraction can happen in a variety of positions. For example, when you hold a weight in a fixed position, the muscles engaged in that exercise are contracting isometrically to stabilize the load against gravity, but there is no observable movement in the joint angle.

In contrast, concentric contractions involve muscle shortening as it generates force, resulting in movement. Isotonic contractions encompass both concentric and eccentric movements where the muscle length changes while the joint moves. Dynamic contractions imply active movement of the body, which could involve changes in joint angles. Thus, isometric contractions are distinct because they specifically refer to the stabilization of a position against resistance without any movement, making it the correct answer for this question.