What are the three cardinal planes of the body?

The three cardinal planes of the body are sagittal, frontal, and transverse. Each of these planes divides the body into specific sections that are crucial for understanding human anatomy and movement.

The sagittal plane divides the body into left and right portions. This plane is important in movements such as flexion and extension, which occur in this plane, allowing us to analyze activities like walking or lifting an arm.

The frontal plane, also known as the coronal plane, divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) sections. Movements that occur in this plane include abduction and adduction, making it essential for understanding movements such as jumping jacks or lateral arm raises.

The transverse plane divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) sections. Rotational movements take place in this plane, which is key for activities such as twisting the torso or turning the head.

Understanding these planes helps in assessing human movement, designing rehabilitation protocols, and applying anatomical knowledge in various practical settings in kinesiology.